An ecological study of Rotifera of the Southern Shatt Al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq

Mohammed F.  Abbas

doi:10.58629/ijaq.v18i2.347

Authors

Mohammed F. Abbas Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58629/ijaq.v18i2.347

Keywords:

environmental factors, Iraq, rotifers, Shatt Al-Arab River

Abstract

At three stations of the Shatt Al-Arab River, the ecology of Rotifera was studied: the first Al-Ashar second Abul Khasib and the third Al-Fao. Seasonal horizontal hauls were taken by a plankton net of a mesh-size of 53-µm during 2013. Density of Rotifera fluctuated between 0-113.3 ind./L registered at all station. Eighteen taxa belonging to nine genera of Rotifera were encountered. Water temperature values ranged between 15 and 27.5 degrees Celsius, salinity values were registered 1.8-40 g/L, pH values ranged between 6.2 and 8.7, and the dissolved oxygen values ranged between 5.1 and 9.9 mg/L. TDS values fluctuated between 1467 and 33590 mg/L, while the turbidity values ranged between 7.1 and 180.6 FTU. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS and CANOCO software.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Abdul-Hussein, M. M.; Al-Saboonchi, A. A. and Ghani, A. A. (1989). Brachionid rotifers from Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq. Marina Mesopotamica, 4(1): 1-17. URL.

Ahmed, H. K.; Abdullah, D. S. and Ali, M. H. (2005). Monthly changes of nutrients, chlorophyll and Rotifera in the Shatt Al-Arab River, South of Iraq. Iraqi J. Aqua., 2(1): 1-11.URL.

Ahmed, H. K. and Ghazi, A. H. (2009). A taxonomic and environmental study of the genus Brachionus (Rotifera: Monogononta) (Pallas, 1776) in Al-Hammar marsh, south of Iraq. Iraqi J. Aqua., 6(2): 105-112. DOI:10.58629/ijaq.v7i2.265.

Ahmed, H. K. and Mohammed, H. H. (2006). The Rotifera community in the South Marshes of Iraq. arsh Bulletin, 1(1): 54-58. URL.

Ali, M. H. and Abdullah, D. S. (1999). The biomass of rotifers in relation to the phytoplankton biomass in the Shatt Al-Arab River. Marina Mesopotamica, 4(2): 279-289. URL.

Ali, M. H. and Ghazi, A. H. (2008). Rotifera composition and density along of the Shatt Al-Arab River from Qurna to Fao, Southern Iraq. Marine Science Conference, 23-25 Dec., Mar. Sci. Centre, Basrah Univ. (in Arabic).URL.

Al-Mosawi, A. H.; Hadi, R. A.; Kassim, T. I. and Al-Lami, A. A. (1990). A study on the algae in the Shatt Al-Arab estuary, Iraq. Marina Mesopotamica, 5(2): 305-325.URL.

Al-Mosawi, N. M. (1992). Ecological study of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary at Basrah City. M. Sc Thesis, Basrah Univ., 114 pp. (in Arabic).

Al-Noor, S. S.; Al-Dubaikel, A. Y.; Resean, A. K.; Taher, M. M. and Al-Naeem, K. S. (2009). The saline effects on composition, fishing rates and fish aquaculture at Basrah City. A report of the Workshop of Basrah Governorate about water decreasing and salinity increasing, 18-19 Nov. 2009: 72pp.(in Arabic).URL.

Al-Saadi, H. A.; Pankow, H. and Huq, H. F. (1979). Algological investigation in the polluted Ashar Canal and Shatt Al-Arab River in Basrah (Iraq). Int. Rev. Grs. Hydrobiol., 64(4): 527-540.URL.

Al-Saboonchi, A. A.; Barak, N. A. and Mohamed, A. M. (1986). Zooplankton of Garma Marshes, Iraq. J. iol. Sci. Res., 17(1): 33-40. URL.

Al-Sodani, H. M.; Abed, J. M.; Al-Essa, S. A. and Hammadi, N. S. 2007. Quantitative and qualitative study on zooplankton in Restored Southern Iraqi Marshes. Marsh Bulletin, 2(1): 43-63.URL.

APHA (American Public Health Association) (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water & wastewater. 21st edition. Washington, DC. 1400 pp. URL.

Arora, J. and Mehra, N. (2003). Seasonal dynamics of the rotifers in relation to physical and chemical conditions of the river Yamuna (Delhi), India. Hydrobiologia, 491: 101-109. URL.

Burnes, R. M. (2006). Diel variations in the vertical distribution of zooplankton in Lake Monroe, Florida. MSc. Thesis. Florida Univ., 47pp. DOI: 10.1023/A:1024466600402.

De Ridder M. (1987). Contributions to the knowledge of African rotifers: Rotifers from Maurtania (W. Africa)-Hydrobiologia, 150: 123-131. URL

De Ridder M. (1991). Rotifers from Algeria. J. Afr. Zool., 105: 473-483. URL.

Ghazi, A. H. and Ahmed, H. K. (2008). Abundance and diversity of Rotifera in the Garmat Ali Region Ponds, Basrah-Iraq. Iraqi J. Aquacult., 5(1): 33-40. DOI: 10.21276/ijaq.2008.5.1.5

Gurney, R. (1921). Freshwater crustacean collected by Dr. P. A.Buxton in Mesopotamia and Persia. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 27(4): 835-844. URL.

Haberman J (1998). Zooplankton of Lake Vortsjarv. Limnol. 28: 49-65. URL.

Hammadi, N. S. (2010). An ecological study of Rotifera of Shatt Al-Arab Region. PhD. thesis. Basrah Univ., 358 p.

Hammadi, N. S. (2016a). An ecological survey of littoral Rotifera from some selected areas of Iraq: I. middle of Iraq. Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences) 42(2) A: 46-55. URL.

Hammadi, N. S. (2016 b). An ecological survey of Littoral Rotifera from some selected areas of Iraq: II. South of Iraq. Research J. Science and Tech. 2016; 8(3): 125-128. URL.

Hammadi, N7 S7 and Bielańska-Grajner, I. (2012). Rotifera from the Shatt Al-Arab region, Southern Iraq. Basrah J. Agric. Sci., 25 (special issue). URL.

Hammadi, N. S.; Salman D. S.; Al-Essa S. A. (2012). Rotifera of Shat Al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. MSC, University of Basrah. 258 p. DOI: 10.58629/mjms.v29i2.132

Hammadi, N. S.; Salman, S. D. and Abbas, M. F. (2015). Rotifera of the southern Iraqi Marshes, with a eference to the major zooplankton groups in the region. Marsh Bulletin 10 (1), 46-55. URL.

Hammadi, N. S.; Salman, S. D. and Al-Essa, S. A. (2016). Diversity of Rotifera in the Shatt Al-Arab Region, South of Iraq. Fisheries sciences. com, 10 (2): 12-20. URL.

Hynes, H. B. N. (1972). The ecology of running water. Liverpool Univ. Press. 555 pp.

Kiran, B. R.; Puttaiah, E. T. and Kamath, D. (2007). Diversity and seasonal fluctuation of zooplankton in fishpond of Bhadra Fish Farm, Karnataka, India. Zoosprint J., 22(12): 2935-2936. DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.1464.2935-6.

Kuczynska-Kippen N (2005). The species diversity of rotifers (Rotifera) of Diffrentiated macrophyte habitats of Lake Budzynskie. Roczniki Akademii Rolniczejw Poznaniu-CCCLXXIII. 9: 171-176. URL.

Marneffe Y, Comblin S, Thme JP (1998). Ecological water quality assessment of the Bütgenbach Lake (Belgium) and its impact on the River Warche using rotifers as bioindicators. Hydrobiologia 387/388: 459-467. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017024730052.

Póltorak, T.; Bartel, R. and Szczerbowski, J. A. (2001). Horizontal distribution of zooplankton in Lakes Tharthar, Habbaniya and Razzazah. Arch. Pol. Fish., 9(1): 111-126. URL.

Sabri, A. W. (1988). Ecological studies on Rotifera (Aschelminthes) in the Tigris River, Iraq. Acta Hydrobiol., 30: 367-379. URL.

Salman, S. D.; Ghazi, A. H.; Abbas, M. F.; Mohammed, H. H. and Ahmed, H. K. (2008). Zooplankton of the Southern Iraqi Marshes. 2. Rotifera. Final report submitted to the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and Iraq Foundation by the Marine Science Centre, Basrah Univ., 24 pp.

Segers, H. (2007). Anotated checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy and distribution. Zootaxa, 1564 Magnolia Press. Auckland, New Zealand. 103pp. DOI: :10.11646/zootaxa.1564.1.1.

Segers H. (2008). Global diversity of rotifers (Rotifera) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595: 49-59. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-007-9003-7.

Segers, H.; Kotethip, W. and Sanoamuang, L. (2004). Biodiversity of freshwater microfauna in the floodplain of the River Mun, Northeast Thailand: the Rotifera Monogononta. Hydrobiologia,

(1-3): 1-9. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-007-9003-7.

Sládeček, V7 (2902)7 Rotifers as indicators of water quality7 Hydrobiol., 100: 169-201. URL.

Wallace, R. L.; Snell, T. W.; Ricci, C. and Nogrady, T. (2006). Rotifera: Volume 1 Biology, Ecology and Systematics. Guides to the Identifiation of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the world. No. 23 (Dumont, H. J., ed.). Kenobi Productions, Ghent, and Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. 299 pp.

DOI: 10.1007/s10933-011-9539-4.

Weatherly, A. H. and Gill, H. S. (1987) Biology of fish growth. Academic Press. London. 212 pp.

Yalim, F. B. (2006) Rotifera Fauna of Yamansaz Lake (Antalya) in South-West of Turkey. J. Fish. Aqua. Sci., 23: 395-397. URL.